Engine.



H. W. F. NIEKRANZ.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 11, 1913.

Patented June 2, 1914.

@GW-h HERMAN W. F. N'IEKRANZ, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 2, 1914.

Application filed August 11, 1913. Serial No. 784,216.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that T, HERMAN W. F. Nin- KRANZ, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Engine; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. My invention relates to engines, and it particularly has for its object to provide a two cycle engine which will have substantially the form, size and convenience of arrangement of a four cycle engine.

A further object of the invention is to provide,in a two cycle engine, a pumping chamber, which may have greatly reduced length and wherein the pumping piston or compression face may move substantially the full length of the said chamber.

The invention has for its further object to provide a means for protection of the pumping chamber and its connecting chambers and parts from any injurious eflects due to back fire.

The invention may be contained in different kindsof engines and its details may be greatly varied. All such modified structures are within the purview of this specifi-' cation and claims.

I have shown in the drawings an engine which contains the invention. The particular engine selected is merely to illustrate that engines containing my invention are operable and to show how such engines may be constructed and my invention used.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view through the engine having two cylinders. Fig. 2

is a vertical sectional view on the line y --g through one of the cylinders. Fig. 3 shows a cross-section through the pumping chamber on the line m r. Fig. 4|: is a section of a safety valve used for protecting the pumping chamber and its connecting parts from the effect of back fire.

1, Fig. 1, is a base plate on which the base 2 is located. The crank shaft 3 and cranks 4 are supported in the base 2. The crank shaft is supported in the box 5 of usual form which is provided with hearing metal. 6 commonly used in such cases. A covering plate 7 is located 011 the base 2.

The engine cylinders are bolted to the base 2 by means of the bolts 8. Each engine cylinder 10 comprises the cylinder proper or explosion chamber 11 and the pumping chamber 12. The explosion chamber is surrounded by a jacket 13 having the water chamber let for cooling the chamber 11. The pumping chamber 12 is, circumferentially, considerably larger than the explosion chamber 11.

The piston 20 is connected to the crank 4L by means of the usual connecting rod 21. The connecting rod 21 is pivoted on the pin 22, and is held in position by the bosses 23 111 the manner well known in the art. The piston 20 is formed of two parts, namely, the part 24 movable in the explosive chamber 11 and the part 25 movable in the pumping chamber. The part 2%. has the usual form found in internal combustion engines. The part 25 is a flange extending from the edge of the piston wall and having the slip rings 26. The pumping chamber 12 thus forms an annular space between the piston'wall and the cylinder wall. The double piston moves substantially the whole length of the explosive chamber 11 and the pumping chamber 12 so that its compression faces will pass through substantially the respective lengths of the chambers at each stroke.

Compression chambers 30 extend along the side of the pumping chamber 12 and increase the volume of the pumping chamber without extending the length of the chamber above the annular piston 25. This shortens the height of the engine and at the same time gives a larger compressible and ex pans-ible volume of gas operated upon by the annular piston 25. The volume of the chamber 12 is about the same as that of the chamber 11 and the total volume of the chambers 30 is preferably about one half of the volume of the chamber 11 or of the chamber 12.

A carburetor may be connected by means of a union to the valve casing 10 secured to the wall of the cylinder. The valve casing has the inlet port 1-1 controlled by the valve -12 which seats upon the casing 4.0 and is open by the suction of the pump piston A compression spring 43 is provided which keeps the valve t2 normally seated on its seat 41. The valve casing communicates with one compression chamber 30 through the port 11, and this communicates with the pump chamber through the large opening ist. A large opening connects the other compression chamber 30 and the pump chamber 12 together. The said other compression chamber 30 is provided with. an exit port 46, which is controlled by a valve 47 securely seated by means of the sprlng 48 held in position by means of a boss 49 supported by a frame 50. The valve and valve frame 50 are contained in a double hood 52 having an inner wall 53 and an outer wall 54, which are in spaced relation to each other forming a semispherical chamber between them. The wall 53 is provided with openings to permit only a gradual nd dispersed outflow of gas. In case of back fire in the chamber 12 the valve 4:7 will be forced open by the sudden rise in pressure and the heated vapor will escape through the inner wall 53 in the hood 52 through the holes into the outer chamber of the hood. The valve will act as a safety valve for the pumping chamber and the hoods will act as a muffler. The hood 52 may be connected with the muffler 57, which is also connected with the explosion chambers 11 of the engines.

The pumping chamber 12 of each engine cylinder is connected with the piston cham ber 11 of the adjoining engine. The chamber 12 of each engine is provided with an exit port which communicates through the pipe 61 which in turn is connected to an inlet port 62 in the explosion chamber 11. The cranks 4: of the crank shafts 3 are so timed with respect to each other that the engines are in their respective cycles 180 apart so that when one piston is down the other piston is up. The latter then closes the inlet port- 62. hen one piston moves downward and the port 62 of the other engine is closed, the annular piston 25 of the first engine draws in an explosive mixture through the ports 41 and 4 1 until the chamber 12 is filled with the explosive mixture. Upon the return movement of the piston the port 4:1 is closed and the mixture is compressed in the chamber 12 and the chambers 30. Some of the explosive mixture under pressure is forced into the chambers 30. When the pumping piston completes its stroke the piston of the other engine has been carried downward to a point such that the port 62 will be opened. The as now under pressure in the chamber 12 will rush in through the connecting pipe 61 and the port 62 striking the deflector 65 located on the top of the piston and be directed to the top of the chamber 11. It will at the same time force out the products of combustion through the port 66 into the mufiier 57 if there are any in the explosion chamber 11. Upon the second stroke of the pump pistons 25 an explosive mixture will be sucked in through the port 41 and the chamber 12 filled whileat the same time the piston of the other engine will compress the mixture that has been directed into it from the first engine and also at the same time compress an explosive mixture drawn into its pumping chamber through its inlet port when carried down while the piston of the first engine was compressing the gas in its pumping chamber.

When the first engine has completed its downward movement the second enginewill have completed its upward movement and the explosive mixture will flow from the pumping chamber of the second engine into the explosion chamber of the first engine and the second engine is in position for explosion. hen the explosion takes place the piston of the second engine is forced downward, the pumping piston 25' of that engine drawing in an explosive mixture while at the same time the piston of the first engine is compressing the explosive mixtures contained in the pumpingchamber 12 and the explosion chamber 11. The first engine will upon the completion of the upward movement of its piston be exploded which will force the piston to return. The engines will thus explode alternately. V

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. In a two cylinder two cycle engine, the combination of two pairs of chambers, one pair of the chambers being explosion chambers and the other pair being pumping chambers, two pistons movable in the said chambers, a safety valve, the wall of each of the pumping chambers having an inlet for explosive gas mixtures and an outlet open- .ing communication with the safety valve,

and two chambers located on each side of the pumping chamber and communicating with the pumping chamber at the top thereof.

2. In a two cylinder two cycle engine, the combination of two double pistons, the engine having two explosion chambers and two pumping chambers, means for connecting each explosion chamber with the pumping chamber of the other cylinder, each piston having a part movable in an explosion chamber and another part movable in a pumping chamber, a chamber partially surrounding each of the pumping chambers and communicating with the pumping chamber, inlet ports for explosion mixtures located above the pump piston and a safety valve communicating with each of the last named chambers.

3. In a two cylinder two cycle explosion engine, the combination of a pair of double pistons, a pair of explosion chambers and a pair of pumping chambers each piston having a part movable in an explosion chamber and a part movable in the pumping chamber,

a double wall partially surrounding each chambers at a point above the pumping 1o pumping chamber forming a third chamber, pistons.

means for connecting the pumping chamber In testimony whereof, I have hereunto on each engine with the explosion chamber signed my name to this specification in the on the other engine, the cylinders having presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

inlet ports for permitting an explosive miX- HERMAN W. F. NIEKRANZ. ture to enter the said pumping chambers Witnesses:

above the pumping pistons, the third set of S. T. KLo'rz,

chambers communicating with the pumping F. E. AUL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 0! Patentn, Washington, D. G. 

